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Java Overview – A Beginner’s Guide to Java Programming

 

Welcome to the Java Overview page! If you’re new to Java or just need a refresher, this guide will walk you through the history, features, architecture, and importance of Java in the software world.

What is Java?

 

Java is a high-level, object-oriented, platform-independent programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in 1995 (now owned by Oracle Corporation). It is widely used for building:

  • Desktop Applications

  • Web Applications

  • Mobile Applications (Android)

  • Enterprise Systems

  • Distributed Applications

  • Cloud-based Microservices

Key Features of Java

 

Java is popular because of its robust and versatile nature. Here are its main features:

FeatureDescription
SimpleEasy to learn and write; follows C/C++ style syntax.
Object-OrientedEverything in Java is treated as an object.
Platform-Independent“Write Once, Run Anywhere” using the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
SecureBuilt-in security features like bytecode verification, security manager.
RobustStrong memory management and exception handling.
MultithreadedSupports concurrent execution using multithreading.
PortableJava programs can run on any system without modification.
DistributedJava supports RMI and networking capabilities for distributed apps.

Java Architecture

 

Here’s a simplified breakdown of Java’s architecture:

  1. Source Code (.java) → Written by the developer.

  2. Compilation (javac) → Converts .java to .class (bytecode).

  3. JVM (Java Virtual Machine) → Executes bytecode on any platform.

JDK → JRE → JVM

  • JDK: Java Development Kit – includes tools, compiler, and libraries for development.

  • JRE: Java Runtime Environment – needed to run Java programs.

  • JVM: Java Virtual Machine – the engine that executes Java bytecode.

Where is Java Used?

 

  • Android App Development (Java was the official language before Kotlin)

  • Enterprise Applications (banking systems, ERP software)

  • Web Development (via frameworks like Spring Boot, JSP, Servlets)

  • Cloud & Microservices (Dockerized Spring Boot apps)

  • Scientific & Research Applications

Why Learn Java?

 

Java continues to be one of the most in-demand programming languages. Whether you’re preparing for a job interview, building your own project, or contributing to enterprise systems, Java is a foundational skill that opens many doors.

What’s Next?


Explore the next sections of our Java learning path:

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